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Historic Overhaul in Pakistan: Munir to Lead All Forces, SC Powers Curbed – 27th Amendment Explained

In a seismic shift, Pakistan’s National Assembly passed the 27th Constitutional Amendment, granting Army Chief General Asim Munir unprecedented authority while curbing the Supreme Court’s powers. Hailed as “historic” by supporters and condemned as a “power grab” by critics, this amendment reshapes Pakistan’s governance. Here’s a breakdown of its key changes and implications.

Key Changes in the 27th Amendment

1. Centralized Military Command Under Munir

The amendment designates the Chief of Army Staff (COAS) as the supreme leader of all armed forces, including the Navy and Air Force. This ends the traditional separation of military command, giving General Munir direct control over defense decisions.

2. Supreme Court Powers Restricted

The judiciary can no longer review military decisions labeled “operational or strategic.” Critics warn this shields the military from accountability, risking unchecked dominance over civilian institutions.

3. Extended Tenure for Army Chief

While not explicitly extending Munir’s term, the amendment allows the President (on the PM’s advice) to retain an Army Chief beyond three years for “national security.” Opponents fear this enables indefinite rule.

4. National Security Council’s Expanded Role

The NSC, previously advisory, now has constitutional power to override civilian decisions on security and foreign policy—further entrenching military influence in governance.

Why Was the Amendment Introduced?

The move follows rising tensions between the military, judiciary, and government. The Supreme Court’s recent rulings against military-backed policies reportedly triggered this overhaul, seen as a counter to “judicial overreach.”

General Munir, who took office in 2022, has aggressively consolidated power, sidelining rivals and asserting dominance. The 27th Amendment solidifies his position as Pakistan’s most powerful figure—even above the Prime Minister.

Political & International Reactions

• Government (PML-N & PPP): Defends the amendment as “vital for stability,” citing security threats and economic instability.
• Opposition (PTI & Lawyers): Imran Khan’s PTI calls it a “constitutional coup,” while legal groups warn of “judicial independence erosion.”
• Global Concerns: The U.S. and HRW urge Pakistan to uphold democracy, fearing militarized governance.

What Comes Next?

• Legal Challenges: The Supreme Court may resist but lacks authority to overturn key clauses.
• Civil-Military Tensions: Risks unrest in provinces like Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with strong anti-military sentiment.
• Economic Impact: Investors may see militarized governance as a risk, worsening Pakistan’s financial crisis.

Conclusion: A New Era of Military Dominance?

The 27th Amendment marks a dramatic power shift, placing General Munir at the helm and weakening judicial oversight. Whether this ensures “stability” or deepens unrest is uncertain, but Pakistan’s democracy faces its toughest test yet.

Follow for real-time updates on this developing story.

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