How to Implement the Cambodia-Thailand Peace Agreement: 7 Key Steps

The Cambodia-Thailand Peace Agreement (2023) marks a historic step toward resolving long-standing territorial disputes and strengthening bilateral ties. Yet, the true test lies in its execution. Here’s a practical guide to ensuring successful implementation.

1. Strengthening Diplomatic Channels

Open, consistent communication is crucial. High-level dialogues between Cambodia and Thailand must continue to align on shared goals. A joint oversight committee can preempt conflicts.

Key Actions:
✔ Hold quarterly ministerial meetings
✔ Set up a 24/7 diplomatic hotline
✔ Engage ASEAN for neutral mediation

2. Demilitarization and Border Security

Withdrawal from disputed zones (like Preah Vihear) must be phased and verified by UN observers to build trust.

Key Actions:
✔ Deploy joint patrols for security
✔ Establish shared border checkpoints
✔ Train forces in conflict de-escalation

3. Economic and Infrastructure Cooperation

Boosting cross-border trade, tourism, and infrastructure can cement peace.

Key Actions:
✔ Accelerate the Aranyaprathet-Poipet railway
✔ Ease visa rules for tourists & traders
✔ Develop joint special economic zones (SEZs)

4. Cultural and People-to-People Exchanges

Counter nationalism with shared cultural initiatives.

Key Actions:
✔ Host cross-border heritage festivals
✔ Offer student exchange scholarships
✔ Promote unbiased media coverage

5. Addressing Historical Grievances

A Truth and Reconciliation Commission could heal past disputes over Preah Vihear.

Key Actions:
✔ Fund joint historical research
✔ Highlight peaceful cross-border communities
✔ Involve NGOs in peacebuilding

6. Environmental and Resource Management

Jointly manage Gulf of Thailand resources to prevent conflicts.

Key Actions:
✔ Create a Cambodia-Thai energy authority
✔ Enforce sustainable fishing pacts
✔ Improve disaster response coordination

7. Monitoring and Accountability

Independent oversight ensures compliance.

Key Actions:
✔ Release annual progress reports
✔ Involve international monitors
✔ Protect whistleblowers

Conclusion: From Agreement to Action

The Cambodia-Thailand Peace Agreement must evolve from words to lasting change. By prioritizing diplomacy, economic ties, and transparency, both nations can secure a stable, prosperous future.

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