Delhi’s persistent air pollution and extreme heat have pushed authorities to explore innovative solutions like cloud seeding—a weather modification technique to induce rainfall. Despite high hopes, a recent attempt to seed clouds in Delhi did not produce rain, leaving many questioning its feasibility. IIT Kanpur Director, Prof. Abhay Karandikar, explains the science behind the failure.
What Is Cloud Seeding?
Cloud seeding involves dispersing substances like silver iodide or salt into clouds to stimulate rainfall. While successful in countries like China and the UAE, its effectiveness depends on specific atmospheric conditions, including the presence of moisture-heavy clouds.
Why Cloud Seeding Failed in Delhi
According to Prof. Karandikar, Delhi’s experiment fell short due to four key factors:
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Lack of Suitable Clouds – Cloud seeding requires moisture-rich cumulus clouds, but Delhi had thin cirrus or high-altitude clouds that couldn’t hold enough water.
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Dry Atmospheric Conditions – Even with seeding agents, low humidity prevented rain formation.
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Pollution Disrupting Cloud Formation – Delhi’s high pollution may have altered cloud structure, reducing efficiency.
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Wind Scattering Seeding Agents – Strong winds dispersed chemicals before they could trigger rain.
IIT Kanpur’s Research on Cloud Seeding
IIT Kanpur has conducted cloud seeding trials since 2021. Prof. Karandikar stressed that success hinges on optimal weather, stating:
“Cloud seeding isn’t magic—without the right clouds, rain won’t follow.”
Global Success vs. Delhi’s Limitations
While UAE and China benefit from coastal humidity, Delhi’s erratic monsoons and dry winters make cloud seeding unreliable.
Alternative Solutions for Delhi’s Pollution
Experts recommend long-term measures over cloud seeding:
– Stricter emission controls
– Expanding green spaces
– Dust management at construction sites
– Boosting public transport
Conclusion
Cloud seeding remains a complex science with no guarantees. Until Delhi’s climate aligns with its requirements, sustainable policies may offer better pollution relief.
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